Exploring dappOS, the Flourishing Development of Intent-Centric Infrastructure

1. What is Intent?

Since Paradigm released “Intent-Based Architectures and Their Risks” on June 1, 2023, “Intent-Centric” has become an important concept and direction for development in Web3.

1.Definition of Intent

In Paradigm’s definition, “intent is a set of signed declarative constraints that allow users to outsource the creation of transactions to third parties without relinquishing full control over the transaction.” Simply put, intent is result-oriented, minimizing or ignoring the process, such as wanting outcome D and willing to pay cost A, without the need to go through the A-B-C-D process, outsourcing the intermediate steps to a third party. Abstractly, intent-centric is a declarative paradigm, whereas most of Web3’s prior transactions or operations have been imperative paradigms.

2.The Significance of Intent-Centric: Web3’s “1995 Moment”

Early computer development started with the imperative paradigm, requiring users to interact and operate through command lines, which imposed high professional demands and limited the widespread application and development of technology. However, with the release of Windows 95, the graphical user interface and browsers introduced to computer operating systems significantly lowered the barriers to use, growing the number of computer users from less than 50,000 to hundreds of millions. This transformative moment is referred to as the internet’s “1995 moment,” marking a fundamental change in user interfaces, making it easier for the average person to access and use the internet.

Similarly, with the maturation of Web2, many intent-centric products have become commonplace for users, such as using Didi to travel from point A to point B, while the platform handles driver matching, route optimization, fare settlement, and provision of mutual information. However, in the current Web3 environment, users still face complexities in interactions, such as the steps involved in purchasing an NFT. With intent-centric products, user operations could be greatly simplified.

In the world of Web3, by introducing more intuitive, user-friendly interfaces and operation processes, we can anticipate a breakthrough similar to the “1995 moment” of the internet, thereby enabling hundreds of millions of new users to easily access and use Web3, further driving widespread technology adoption and industry development. This change will greatly promote the popularization and development of the Web3 ecosystem, making blockchain technology more accessible for everyday use by ordinary users, thereby achieving broad acceptance and application of the technology.

1. Key Points for Implementing Intent

(1) Focus on results rather than processes.

Intent projects should allow users to clearly state their transaction and operation intentions declaratively, rather than specifying the exact execution steps.

(2) Delegation of execution.

Intent projects provide a mechanism that allows users to delegate the execution of their intentions to systems, smart contracts, or third-party service providers. Whether automatically or manually executed, the process should align with the user’s original intent and provide sufficient flexibility and optimization space where appropriate.

(3) Verifiable results.

In the world of blockchain, intent projects ensure that the outcomes of transactions or operations are verifiable and traceable, allowing users and relevant parties to clearly understand and verify the execution of intentions, ensuring the final results meet user expectations.

2. Overview of dappOS Fundamentals

1.Introduction to dappOS

dappOS is a network intended for executing intentions, creating a bidirectional market that transforms intentions into on-chain outcomes. On the supply side, service providers pledge collateral and choose to run one or more execution services. On the demand side, it enables developers to find solutions that fulfill user intentions.

2.dappOS Underlying Mechanism: Optimistic Minimum Stake (OMS)

In its core mechanism, dappOS introduces the Optimistic Minimum Staking (OMS), which associates each task with a predefined value and potential compensation in case of failure, allowing tasks to be performed before results are validated. If a task fails, the network penalizes the responsible service provider through a consensus process, ensuring that either the user’s task is successfully executed or the user receives predetermined compensation, significantly enhancing the network’s efficiency and versatility.

The OMS in dappOS and the AVS in EigenLayer are technically similar, with dappOS’s Service provider similar to Eigenlayer’s Operator. The main difference is that Eigenlayer focuses on general scenarios, such as DA, oracles, and ZK processors, while dappOS is more oriented towards intent-centric tasks, specifying that each intent has a certain liquidation value, thus ensuring system safety and efficiency as long as the stake exceeds the liquidation value.

1. Applications of dappOS

Currently, dappOS has a variety of applications, for example:

(1) Unified account

dappOS features a unified account compatible with the intent execution network. Similar to centralized exchanges, the assets within can be used across any integrated on-chain dApp and can be paid for with most mainstream tokens. This means that even when users’ assets are distributed across various blockchains, they can still control accounts on different chains simultaneously through signing.

Additionally, dappOS’s unified account facilitates flexible external interactions. Any external application that can interact with owned accounts (EOA) can also interact via the unified account using a highly scalable execution interface and custom service logic.

(2) Intent assets

dappOS has launched intent assets to enable seamless utilization of different types of assets across various scenarios. For instance, dappOS’s intentUSD, as an intent-based stablecoin, can be used as USDT when users need USDT, as USDC when they need USDC, and it automatically earns returns when idle in the account. This type of asset addresses the major contextual challenges of stablecoins and LSD assets, making it easier for new users to navigate without needing to understand the differences between homogenized assets like USDC/USDT. Simply put, dappOS’s intent assets can act as a “Yu’E Bao” for Web3. They manage the complex details behind the scenes through the dappOS intent execution network, further enhancing the efficiency and accessibility of using digital assets.

(3) Real-time dApp Contract Interaction

The intent execution network of dappOS provides an excellent framework for real-time interactions with dApps. This framework allows users to seamlessly transition from an initial to a final state with just a simple signature. Traditional implementations of many intentions involve numerous on-chain operations such as cross-chain transfers, asset conversions, and contract authorizations—actions that are means to an end rather than the end itself. dappOS’s real-time interaction execution framework lets users bypass these intermediate operations with a single signature, thus optimizing the user experience.

Furthermore, through mechanisms like OMS, real-time dApp interactions in dappOS ensure that all operations adhere to blockchain’s decentralization and security standards, while also being efficient and cost-effective. This approach, which simplifies complex blockchain operations starting from user intentions, not only significantly enhances user convenience but also drives broader application and development of blockchain technology.

1. Advantages of dappOS

(1) Innovative Underlying Mechanism Design

As an infrastructure for the intent track, dappOS’s underlying mechanism, OMS, is specifically designed for intent-based scenarios. This mechanism significantly enhances the execution efficiency of intent tasks while ensuring user safety, akin to the importance of Eigenlayer’s AVS for the Restaking track. Such an underlying mechanism positions dappOS at the core of the infrastructure in the intent track.

(2) Rich Application Scenarios and First-mover Advantage

dappOS’s intent execution network already boasts various applications, including unified accounts, intent assets, and real-time dApp interactions, which are rare in the still-emerging intent track. Compared to many other intent track infrastructure projects still in the conceptual and development stages, these application scenarios allow dappOS to collaborate with many existing Web3 projects, expand its ecosystem, iterate, and form a first-mover advantage, thereby becoming a leader in the infrastructure of the intent track.

3. Development of the dappOS Ecosystem

Since the second half of 2023, the dappOS ecosystem has experienced accelerated growth. Intent-centric interactions, which are more accessible for users, often contribute to significant growth when projects integrate the dappOS intent infrastructure. Consequently, many leading and emerging projects have collaborated with dappOS, such as Manta, GMX, BENQI, and KiloEx.

For example, after KiloEx integrated dappOS on April 16, 2024, its trading volume increased by 217% and its Daily Active Users (DAU) grew by 3000% within a week.

4. Funding Information

dappOS has secured an impressive lineup of investors, including top-tier investment firms like Polychain, Binance Labs, Sequoia, IDG, and Hashkey. Polychain, the lead investor in the Series A round, has shown strong performance during this investment cycle, investing in leading projects such as EigenLayer in the restaking track and Celestia in the modular blockchain space. DappOS is Polychain’s key project in the intent track, illustrating its strategic commitment to this innovative sector.

5. Conclusion

As blockchain foundational technologies develop and various projects mature, the future focus will shift from infrastructure-centric to more application and user-friendly initiatives. Intent-centric projects are poised to become a focal point in the industry’s evolution. With its robust underlying technology, support from leading investors such as Polychain and Binance Labs, and the continual expansion of top-tier projects like GMX into its ecosystem, dappOS is well-positioned to potentially become a leading entity in the intent track, initiating a phase of massive application deployment and traffic influx.

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