The article analyzes the impact mechanism of tariffs, including basic layers such as fiscal revenue, efficiency loss, inflation differentiation, and industry protection, as well as deeper impacts like national policy countermeasures, Exchange Rate, and dynamic adjustments of monetary policy. The article points out that global imbalances require drastic adjustments, and the long-term effects depend on market trust and national competitiveness. It also explores the debt dependency issue brought by the privilege of the US dollar and predicts that China and the US may reach a currency agreement through non-market means, triggering complex policy responses.